The Philippines has emerged as a regional leader in closing the gender gap, securing a spot among the top performers globally. In the Global Gender Gap Report 2024, the country ranks 25th out of 146 nations, showcasing its ongoing commitment to advancing gender equality. With a gender parity score of 77.9%, the Philippines has made notable strides, although challenges remain in achieving full equality across all sectors of society.
Progress in Gender Equality
Over the years, the Philippines has made remarkable progress in the fight for gender equality. From leadership roles to ownership and rights, women’s visibility and participation in various sectors have increased, though not yet reaching full parity. The shift is evident: women and men now have more equitable opportunities in education, employment, and leadership roles than ever before. Still, a persistent gender pay gap, disparities in leadership representation, and the need for more women in the workforce continue to pose obstacles.
While the Philippines’ rank has dropped from 16th place in 2023 to 25th in 2024, this shift in the rankings is not entirely negative. It reflects the complex nature of global gender dynamics and the nuanced challenges faced by countries striving for equality. Nonetheless, the Philippines stands out for its dedication to narrowing the gender gap, with significant improvements in various key areas.
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Education
One of the most impressive aspects of the report is the Philippines’ remarkable rise in Educational Attainment, where it now ranks 1st globally, up from 32nd the previous year. This surge reflects the country’s substantial gains in gender parity within the education sector. Enrollment rates at all academic levels are now almost equally divided between men and women, demonstrating the country’s commitment to providing equal opportunities for both genders.
The literacy rate is also at an all-time high, reinforcing the idea that education is a powerful tool in empowering women and bridging the gender divide. The country’s educational landscape is not just a symbol of progress for women but an essential stepping stone toward further gender equality in other spheres.
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Economic Participation
Despite the success in education, challenges persist in the realm of economic participation. In 2024, the Philippines experienced a decline in its score for economic participation and opportunity compared to previous years. Factors such as a high labor-force participation rate, estimated general income, wage equality for similar work, and representation in senior roles continue to reflect gaps in economic parity.
However, in a shining example of gender equality, the Philippines ranks 1st in the Professional and Technical Workers category, where men and women are represented equally. This indicates a strong foundation for gender equality in specialized careers, although broader economic participation and opportunity require sustained focus.
Health and Political Empowerment
In terms of Health and Survival, the Philippines has experienced both victories and setbacks. While the country ranks first for healthy life expectancy, a key indicator of overall well-being, there are concerns about disparities in the sex ratio at birth, where the Philippines ranks near the bottom globally. This reflects the ongoing issue of gender-based discrimination that affects women even before birth.
Political Empowerment has also seen some setbacks. Women remain underrepresented in parliament and ministerial positions, with the gap in political representation continuing to hinder full gender parity in leadership roles. Although significant strides have been made in many areas, the country still faces a major challenge in ensuring that women hold more substantial political power.
A Commitment to Change
Despite these challenges, the Philippines has a robust legal and policy framework to address gender inequality. The Magna Carta of Women (RA 9710), passed in 2009, provides a foundational law aimed at eliminating discrimination and protecting women’s rights across various spheres. Furthermore, the Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment (GEWE) Plan 2019-2025 lays out a clear roadmap of strategic actions aimed at achieving gender equality in the country. These initiatives are crucial in fostering an environment where women and men are equally empowered.
Looking Ahead: The Path to Full Equality
Though the Philippines has made notable strides in closing the gender gap, the journey is far from over. The road to full gender equality remains challenging, with persistent issues such as discrimination, domestic violence, and unequal access to resources still plaguing many women. However, with continued efforts in education, legislation, and economic opportunity, the country is well-positioned to make further progress.
Across the globe, women and girls still face significant obstacles related to sex and gender-based discrimination. Whether through limited access to education, healthcare, or opportunities in the workforce, the issues of gender inequality are deeply rooted in many societies. Nevertheless, the Philippines’ leadership in narrowing the gender gap offers a glimpse of hope for the future, proving that progress, while gradual, is possible.
The Philippines’ experience serves as both an inspiration and a reminder that closing the gender gap requires persistent dedication, informed policy, and collective action, because the fight for equality is far from over, but it is undeniably advancing.